The Iceberg Model is a helpful way for leaders to think more systemically. At the top of the iceberg are the events – what we see on the surface, like a crisis, a conflict, or a success. But just like a real iceberg, most of what’s going on is beneath the surface. Underneath, you’ll find patterns of behaviour, underlying structures, and mental models – the beliefs and assumptions that drive the whole system. This model encourages leaders not to jump to conclusions based on what they can immediately see but to dig deeper and ask better questions.
For emerging leaders, using the Iceberg Model is key to making more thoughtful and lasting change. It helps you avoid quick fixes and instead address the root causes of challenges, whether it’s in team dynamics, organisational culture, or systems and processes. By understanding what’s driving behaviour beneath the surface, you can lead with more insight, empathy, and intention. And that’s where real transformation starts.
